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Legitimate Non‑Reigning Royal Houses

Royal House of Ethiopia (Solomonic Dynasty) — c. 10th century BCE

The Portuguese O’Neill (Dom Hugo O’Neill) is the legitimate modern head of the O’Neill dynasty, a non‑reigning royal house founded c. 400 AD

Royal House of Bradley–Ua Bhrolcháin — 740 AD

Royal House of Benin — c. 1180

Royal House of Bunyoro‑Kitara — c. 1200

Royal House of Buganda — c. 1300

Royal House of Kongo — c. 1390

House of Osman — 1299

House of Stuart — 1371

House of Habsburg‑Lorraine — 1438

House of Wettin — 1423

House of Joseon — 1392

House of Ryukyu — 1429

Royal House of Rwanda (Nyiginya) — c. 1400

Royal House of Gbi Hohoe Ahado — c. 1400–1600 (Ghanaian traditional monarchy)

House of Romanov — 1613

House of Braganza — 1442

House of Savoy — 1003

House of Hanover — 1635

House of Mecklenburg‑Strelitz — 1701

House of Karađorđević — 1804

House of Petrović‑Njegoš — 1697

House of Konbaung — 1752

House of Nguyen — 1802

Royal House of Hawai‘i — 1795

Royal House of Tahiti (Pōmare) — 1788

House of Qajar — 1785

House of Zand — 1751

House of Idrisid — 1902

House of Al‑Rashid — 1836

House of Hashemite (Hejaz branch) — 1916